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BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION:
The Ivey Family
of Utah
http://len.accessgenealogy.com
Reddick Allred, auto, Treasures of Pioneer History 5:298.
I, Reddick Newton, son of Isaac and Mary Calvert Allred, was
a twin. My brother said to be the first born, but doubted by
some. His name was Reddin Alexander. His weight was 9 1/2 pounds,
mine 8 1/2 pounds. We resembled each other so much that our mother
was under the necessity of making our clothing different to prevent
us from getting mixed up until we got old enough to know our
names. After that we dressed alike as long as we remained at
home. We were always a great puzzle to the people. He appeared
to be endowed with all the boldness and I with all the bashfulness.
Reddick Allred, auto, Treasures of Pioneer History 5:298-99.
I first learned my letters in an old log school house, and when
seven years old removed with my parents to the State of Missouri,
on Salt River, Tols County, afterwards Monroe. Father purchased
a home on the great highway from east to the west. My parents
were members of a school of Presbyterians and brought up their
children to reverence a God and were very exemplary in their
lives, so that when a new religion was introduced, they naturally
looked at it with suspicion, having been taught that Prophets
and Apostles were no longer needed, so some cried false Prophet.
ln 1831 two men preached in our settlement saying a new Prophet
had organized a new church and introduced a new gospel, or rather
the old one come again. His name was Joseph Smith. Their names
were Hyrum Smith, brother of [p.299] the Prophet, and John Murdock.
Other Elders were passing every few months from Kirtland to Jackson
County, the gathering place for the Saints, and father opened
his house for meetings. George Hinkle and others stopped a few
months and baptized the Allred families, Ivies and others,
and a large branch was organized in 1832 called the Salt River
Branch.
Reddick Allred, auto, Treasures of Pioneer History 5:299.
Brother Reddin and I were baptized in the spring of 1833 by John
Ivie, local Elder and President of the Branch. In the fall
of 1833, the Saints were driven out of Jackson County, Missouri,
into Clay where they remained temporarily. The night the Saints
were expelled from their homes, the western world was shocked
by the stars falling from the heaven that lit up the whole atmosphere.
Reddick Allred, auto, Treasures of Pioneer History 5:299.
In 1834, early spring, the Prophet Joseph Smith came, along with
a small company of armed men called Zion's Camp, to reinstate
the Saints upon their own lands from whence they had been driven
by mob violence. Uncle James Allred raised ten men and joined
them. They lay by a week completing the organization, reinforcing
it.
Reddick Allred, auto, Treasures of Pioneer History 5:299-300.
On his return he stopped and preached in our settlement and told
the Saints that they could not get possession of their lands,
but to gather up to Clay County. In 1835 father moved up to Clay
and located on Fishing River where he raised one crop, and the
influx was so great that the old settlers became alarmed and
the mob spirit began to raise, which was checked only by a compromise
by which [p.300] the old settlers were to buy out the Saints,
and we to move into a new county adjoining called Caldwell County.
The Move to Round Valley 1863
The town of Scipio was originally called Round Valley. The
valley is about eight miles long and three miles wide and has
an altitude of 5,306 feet. Benjamin Johnson was the first settler,
establishing a mail station near the southwest canyon pass in
the year 1857. The first settlement was about two and a half
miles southwest of the present location of Scipio, on the water-course
of Graball.
Here at Graball a small settlement of log houses was erected,
all on the upper side of the creek. Across the creek on the east,
a log school house was built. There were about 25 students. Thomas
Memmott, the teacher, received grain and vegetables for his services.
There was not a year-round stream of water in the valley,
so the water of the upper valley was collected into a resevoir
nine miles south of town, and brought down by means of ditches.
In March 1861 work was begun on a brush and sod dam.
It was not long before the Indians became troublesome, or
more accurately from the Indian perspective it was not long before
the settlers became troublesome, killing and driving off much
of the game, by fencing off the range, and competition with cattle,
horses and sheep. President Bringham Young suggested that the
people move farther from the mountains, down near the center
of the valley. At the request of the people and in their presence,
President Young and his son Joseph located the present townsite.
According to Hettie M Robins, "James Russell and some
of his children’s families and Allred families came to Scipio
late in the Spring of 1863. At that time the settlers were still
in Graball or Robinsville, where there was a branch of the church,
the Ivies didn't go there to make their home. but went a little
further south, up the Valley about two miles from Graball. This
is where a little stream of water came from a small lake about
seven or eight miles further south in the Valley. It separated
into two streams. The west stream went by the settlement at Graball,
the east stream just running to waste. It was on the east fork
that James Russell and family stopped. It is known as Ivie Creek.."
One family reference states that James R Ivie moved with his
two wives and large family including the orphans of Thomas Celton
to Round Valley." This and references on group sheets are
the only references to James R Ivie having other wives.
At the urging of Bringham Young the Ivie families moved to
Round Valley, in July, "but instead of settling where most
of the settlers had gathered, at what was called Graball, they
went further south at a place called the Gap, where the little
stream that came down from a natural lake fed by springs, ran
down into the valley at the point where James Ivie family stopped.
The stream took the name of Ivie Creek and was called by that
name for years." John L, Heber K & Isaac Thomas Ivie
remained in Mt Pleasant. Elizabeth Caroline and her husband Campbell
Billingsley remained for a time, as did Poly Ann and her husband
Jerome Zabriskie until sometime in 1865 when they too moved to
Scipio.
Warren Foote reported, "During my stay at the mill I
had got a good wagon, a span of horses, and harness, and had
wheat to bread my family one year. My sheep had increased to
about 50 head, and I had paid for taking care of them. Flour
had continued low during my whole term. My wives made our own
cloth, from the wool of my sheep.
On the first of Apr. I moved all to Union. I could not see
any prospect of making a living on the little land that I had,
and I concluded to seek some place where I could get more. Rhode's
Valley being a very cold place. Father Ivie, and his sons came
to the conclusion to leave there and go south to some place where
they could raise grain. As he had my sheep and young cattle,
keeping them for me I concluded to go with them. The time set
to start was about the first of Sept."
"During the summer I and my son David made two trips
to Sanpete Co. for grain, in exchange for tobacco tc. I made
very well with the grain but the last trip, I foundered a horse
which had cost me $200.00 from which he never fully recovered.
(I sold him a year and an half after for $65.00). Father Ivie
and company came along at the appointed time, and I took my wife
Maria, and my son David, with all my stock and started out not
knowing where we would make a stopping place. James Allread a
cousin of Father Ivie was also along. He had about 300 head of
Cattle, which with the Ivies made a pretty large herd, and consequently
slow traveling. We arrived at Chicken Creek in about 5 days.
The next day we drove to the Sevier Bridge. There being abundance
of grass here we stopt a day or two, and send some ahead to look
at Round Valley. I was chosen for one, also James A. Ivie and
J. Allred. The distance was 10 miles. We went on horseback. We
found a small settlement, and on enquiring of the facilities
of the place, we learned that there was another valley, laying
east, containing a lake and an abundance of grass, we concluded
that it would answer our purpose, although we learned that there
would be considerable opposition to our locating there. We returned
to camp, and reported. It was agreed that we would move over.
Accordingly we gathered up our stock and drove about a mile east
of the old settlement, and camped. We found that the people were
very much divided. One party were greatly opposed to our settling
there, and the other party were as much in favor of it. The Presiding
Elder was of this last party. We went to the upper valley and
cut some grass for hay for winter. David and I put up quite a
large stack and returned to Union, for supplies. We soon went
back to Round Valley, and hauled logs and built a house on a
town lot in the new town site, which had been surveyed on a place
selected by President Young. Father Ivie, and sons, also built
on the new town plat. After I had moved Maria in the new house
David and I returned to Union. Sometime in Nov. we went back
again and put up the walls for another house for Sidnie my first
wife, and returned again to Union.
The 26th or 27th of Dec. I took a load of household goods,
with my sons, David, and Warren, and started again for Round
valley. On the 24th of Nov. 1863 my son Sidney Wallace was born
of my wife Maria. We staid in Round Valley until the forepart
of February 1864, during which time we finished the house for
my first wife. I obtained another team and wagon, and went to
Union to move all away.
It appears that the people of Round valley were divided from
the beginning over the extended Ivie family settling there, perhaps
feeling intimidated by the number of livestock they brought with
them. Was this the beginning of friction between the Ivies and
some members of the community that would surface later?
An account in Builders of Early Millard relates that, “In
1863 the old settlers moved to the new town site. There were
twelve families, all farmers but one, Levi Savage, a cattle and
sheep man. In August, James R, William F, Richard A, and James
A Ivie moved from the forks of Ivie Creek, and were the first
to begin building homes. By November, twenty-five families resided
here. A log school and meeting house was built on public square.
“The first home built was a room put up of logs - it
was the old stable on the Joe Miller lot, built by William Franklin
Ivie...His family lived there until he could get logs out to
build a place for them to live in. This stable was used to keep
a fine stallion in. He had it brought here with the livestock,
horse and cattle. Grandfather James Russell built his home and
they owned the old Joseph Stone lot - it is on the northwest
corner from the public square.",
“During an annual visit of President Young and company,
the question of giving the town a name came under consideration.
Mr. Carman suggested the name of "Scipio." Scipio A.
Kenner was a member of the party and was standing near the southeast
comer of the present public square. Turning to Mr. Kenner, President
Young said, "Yes, Scipio, we will name it after you."
“In the Spring of 1863, the people of Round Valley furnished
a team of oxen and wagon to help transport the saints from Florence
(now Omaha), Nebraska to Round Valley. In May, President Young
advised that the facilities of the valley could sustain more
people. As a result the people consented to increase their numbers
to seventy-five families. In July the town was surveyed, and
more people prepared to move there."
1864 - "During the spring, and summer, the old settlers,
nearly all, built on their lots in the new town. There was still
quite a division among the people. Jesse Martin had been sent
there to preside in place of Bro. Pierson, resigned." Did
this have anything to do with the opposition to the Ivie families
settleing there?
By request of the people, I got up a petition, in the spring
for a Post Office with my name for Postmaster. This was granted
and in due course of time my Commision arrived. We also organized
a Mass Quoram of Seventies, of which I was appointed President,
and David Ross Secretary. 6
Record of the Round Valley or Robin Valley Branch taken
from the record kept by John Memmott
Feb. 7, 1864. It was moved by Benjamin H. Johnson and seconded
by Bro. Ivie that we move the school house over to the new city
next Tuesday.
Feb. 14, 1864 - At a Bishop's meeting, it was resolved that
President Martin have a piece of public land in the field; that
John Memmott be water master for the ensuing year; that James
A. Ivie be water master for the new city plot and that Thomas
F. Robins have the sheepard at 1/2 cent per head per day, and
that he should take wheat at $2. per bushel.
Feb. 20, 1864. A quorum of Seventies was organized. Elder
Warren Foote being appointed president by Elder Joseph Young.
Moved by B.H. Johnson and seconded by John Memmott that we give
Bro. Martin the public land in the field with the fencing belonging
to it.
March 13, 1864 Moved by Pres. Martin that 25 families be allowed
to settle in the valley. In the evening a meeting was held to
organize the Branch. Pres. Martin nominated John Memmott as clerk
of the Branch, also William F. Ivie as teacher of the east teir
of blocks; B. H. Johnson teacher for the middle tier, and Thomas
Painter as teacher of the west tier, and George Monroe for the
old settlement. Pres. Martin suggested that all of the quorum
meet with the Seventies, there being more of the seventies than
any of the other quorums.
March 20, 1864. Resolved that T. F Robins, James R. Ivie,
and Wm. R. Role be a field committee, that the fences taken away
from the fields be replaced the coming week. If not done, the
committee to be empowered to put up the fence and to sell the
land of the parties to pay the expense, and that the whole of
the fence be put in good condition by April 15th. Moved by T.
F. Robins and seconded by George Monroe.
May 1, 1864. The Saints met in the school house in the new
city, and partook of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper for the
first time in Round Valley.
May 29, 1864 - President Martin said he would like to have
a school started again, at least a Sunday School. For the time
being, and that he hoped the brethren would take hold. He would
like to hear how they felt about it, John Memmott and George
Monroe said that they would be glad to have a Sunday School,
and that the suggestion met with their approval. Resolved that
the Sunday School be commenced on next Sunday, at nine o'clock
and that William Memmott be superintendent of the the school.
Pres. Martin said that no more land would be taken up until after
Pres. Young bad been down in the fall. A Post Office was appointed
for Round Valley during the month by the Post Master General,
and Warren Foote was appointed Post Master.”
Warren Foote reported that, “In the last of Aug. President
Young, with several of the Twelve, and quite a company, went
south on their annual visit. James A. Ivie and myself, and another
person were appointed to make arrangements to entertain them;
as they would be obliged to stay over night. President Young,
and his immediate attendants, with some of his family stopped
with J. A. Ivie. Five of the Twelve Apostles stopped with me,
namely George A Smith, Amasa Lyman, John Taylor, and wife, Wilford
Woodruff and wife, and Franklin D. Richards, also Henry Miller,
who was traveling with G. A. Smith, and Gabriel Huntsman, who
brought Amasa Lyman from Fillmore. There were some others also,
that eat at my house. They all seemed to enjoy themselves well.
Robert T. Burton was Marshall of the company. They were in the
habit of keeping a guard out every night. Being pretty well
acquainted with Bro. Burton, he asked me if I would see to
the guard that night,said he had been broken of his rest a great
deal, and if I would take charge of the guard he could lay down,
and rest, and feel all right. I told him I would do so. I soon
found enough men, that I could rely on to guard, I was out all
night, looking after matters, for I would have felt very bad
had anything hapened through my neglect, after having been entrusted
to my care. The object of guarding in a town, was principally
to see that nothing befell their animals through the night. All
were well in the morning, and they started out for Fillmore.”
September 19, 1864, Moved by John Memmott and seconded by
B. H. Johnson that we build a good and commodious school building
by a tax levied on assessable property. Moved by D. A. Kafs,
seconded by Wm Memmott that B. H. Johnson, James A. Ivie, and
T. F. Robins be a committee to superintend getting a house or
houses for Bro, Martin in labor tithing, and that we be on hand
when called on by the committee.9
In September Bringham Youing's party again stopped in Round
Valley. "On their return, the latter part of Sept. they
stopped over night again, and held a meeting. John Taylor, and
wife and F. D. Richards, drove to my house, and staid all night
again. James Ivie concluded to accompany the President's Company
on their way home, as they intended to go by the way of Sanpete
Co. As I was intending to go to Salt Lake City soon; I accepted
the invitation to go with James, Father Ivie, and Mother Ivie,
also went along."
"We went to Gunnison the first day. Here they held a
meeting. The next day they went to Manti, and held meeting in
the afternoon. Some of the Twelve went on to Ephraim, and held
meetings. The next day they drove to Mt Pleasant and the following
day held meetings, after which they drove to Fairview, and staid
over night. I stopped with my Niece, Irene Clement, wife of John
Sanders. We all started very early next morning, in order to
drive to Springville by the way of Thisle Valley. We arrived
there before night and James Ivie drove on to Provo."
As a result of this trip, Warren Foote decided to relocate
to Mt Pleasant."When I was in Mt Pleasant, Sanpete Co. James
K. McClenahan wanted to engage me to run his gristmill at that
place the following winter. He owned but one half of it, and
run it one half of the time. His two partners, run it the other
half. He was building a house and when I was not working at the
mill. I could work on the house. I did not see any chance to
make any thing in Round Valley, so I concluded to take McClenhan
at his offer."
"On the 13th of Nov. I let Thomas Robbins have my sheep
for one year on shares…The last of Nov. I took Maria and
children, to Mt Pleasant and went to work for McClenahan, and
let Warren Ferguson live in Maria's house. I was to get 1/3 of
the tole when I ground and Irr bus wheat per day when I worked
on the house. We moved into Bro McClenahan's old house which
was quite comfortable."
1865
John Memmott recorded in the Branch minutes that on “January
8th, a school was reopened. Elder Henry M McArthur being engaged
to teach a quarter. The school was well attended. Quite a number
of young, men and young women attended as scholars. Jan. 9, 1865,
a school District meeting was held, there being some indebtedness
on the school house and some school furniture needed. The following
resolutions were adopted. That we levy a tax to the amount of
45 Ibs of wheat to each settler. That each man haul one load
of wood for the benefit of school and meeting purposes.”
Warren Foote is a part of the Muddy Mission. In May he moved
to the Muddy River with his two wives who cannot live under the
same roof. The squabbles of family life compete with the hardships
of settling in this forbidding desert country.
"We now began to prepare for our Journey to the Muddy.
Before I left Mt Pleasant, John Ivie, (my wife Maria's brother)
made up his mind to go with me as far as St George, and take
a load of flour, and trade for molasses to take back to Sanpete.
He arrived in Round Valley the last of Apr. Having all things
in readiness, we started the first day of May 1865. My son David
and I took a few hundred Ibs of flour. We had two yoke of oxen
to our wagon. John Ivie had three. We got started at 10 o'clock
A.M. and traveled 12 miles."
"I found that it was very hard times here for bread stuff
(in St George). I disposed of what flour I had to spare for molasses,
which I was to get when I returned home. John Ivie disposed of
his load, and started for home very much disgusted with the country.
(W
"When I returned home I found my dear little son Sidney
Wallace sick with a diarhea. We could not get any thing to stop
it. He continued to pine away, as he had no appetite to eat,
until the eighth day of Sept when his spirit left his little
body. He was a son of my second wife, and always wanted to be
with his Pa. Two of my dear little pratling sons was taken from
me, within nine months. 0 may they be restored to me in the resurection."
"I now set about preparing for our journey to the Muddy.
I sold my two lots in town to father Ivie for two yoke of oxen
and wagon, and gave him a two year old heifer to boot."
"I had sold my sheep to Tho. Robbins for a yoke of oxen,
and was
now able to fit out three wagons, two of them with two yoke
of oxen each, and one with one yoke, it being a light wagon.
I fixed the stove in one of the large wagons so as to make a
fire in, when needed, for Artemisia S. and also one in the light
wagon for Maria, which made them very comfortable About the first
of November, Bro. Bennett came along. We had gathered up all
our stock but one cow, which belonged to David. He spent two
days more hunting for her, while we loaded our wagons, but did
not find her. Franklin Ivie offered him a cow in place of her,
which he accepted. All things now being in readiness we started
out very early and drove up in the Kanion south of Round Valley
and stopped for breakfast. Besides the five yoke of oxen we had
eight cows and six head of young stock."
BLACK HAWK WAR in Sanpete County
The Black Hawk Indian War was the longest and most destructive
conflict in Utah history. The traditional date of the war's commencement
is 9 April 1865 but tensions had been mounting for years. On
that date bad feelings were transformed into violence when a
handful of Utes and Mormon frontiersmen met in Manti, Sanpete
County, to settle a dispute over some cattle killed and consumed
by starving Indians. An irritated (and apparently inebriated)
Mormon lost his temper and violently jerked a young chieftain
from his horse. James A Ivie is reported to have been present,
but has not bee confirmed. The insulted Indian delegation, which
included a dynamic young Ute named Black Hawk, abruptly left,
promising retaliation. The threats were not idle - for over the
course of the next few days Black Hawk and other Utes killed
five Mormons and escaped to the mountains with hundreds of stolen
cattle.
Encouraged by his success and increasing power, Black Hawk
continued his forays, making off with more than two thousand
head of stock and killing approximately twenty-five more whites
that year. Black Hawk succeeded in uniting factions of the Ute,
Paiute, and Navajo tribes into a loose confederacy bent on plundering
Mormons throughout the territory. Cattle were the main objectives
of Black Hawk's offensives but travelers, herdsmen, and settlers
were massacred as well. Contemporary estimates indicate that
as many as seventy whites were killed during the conflict. (How
many Indians)
The years 1865 to 1867 were by far the most intense of the
conflict. The settlers built scores of forts and deserted dozens
of settlements while hundreds of Mormon militiamen chased their
illusive adversaries through the wilderness with little success.
Requests for federal troops went unheeded for eight years. Unable
to distinguish "guilty" from "friendly" tribesmen,
frustrated Mormons at times indiscriminately killed Indians,
including women and children.
In the fall of 1867 Black Hawk made peace with the Mormons.
Without his leadership the Indian forces, which never operated
as a combined front, fragmented even further. The war's intensity
decreased and a treaty of peace was signed in 1868. Intermittent
raiding and killing, however, continued until 1872 when 200 federal
troops were finally ordered to step in.
Andrew Madsen's Story (from Hilda Madsen Longsdorf‘s,
Mount Pleasant)
"During the spring the Indians camped around Manti. They
were quarrelsome and insulting in the presence of the colonists.
Many threats were made indicating a desire for some pretext for
war. On April 9th, 1865, John Lowry and others had a quarrel
with Indian Chief Jake over some cattle the Indians had boasted
of stealing. James A Ivie was reportedly present and participated
in the altercation. This incident was considered sufficient provocation
for declaring open hostilities."
The following day, Monday , a small party of men from Manti
who were hunting cattle, were fired upon by Indian Chief Black
Hawk and others near Twelve Mile Creek and young Peter Ludvigsen
was killed and his body mutilated by the Indians, who continued
to move on to the south. The same evening, Elijah B Ward , a
prominent mountaineer who had assisted Bringham Young much in
early days in interpreting the Indian language, and James Andersen
were killed and scalped by the Indians in Salina Canyon. The
Indians also drove away a number of cattle belonging to the settlers.
An express form Manti arrived (at Mt Pleasant) late in the
afternoon giving us information of what had transpired and of
the depredations which had been committed by the Indians. A party
of about twenty men including John Ivie...started out at daybreak
the next morning...We were at once ordered to hurry on, and arrived
at Salina, early in the evening where we were joined by a number
of men from other settlements.
Preparations were made during the night, and early the following
morning of (April) 12th, Colonel Reddick Allred with eighty-four
armed men started up Salina Canyon in pursuit of the Indians.
About ten miles east of Salina the canyon was very narrow and
we were compelled to travel in single file. Here the Indians
in great numbers were waiting and hiding in ambush and without
any notice or warning, volley after volley was poured upon us
by the redskins from behind the trees and bushes. A hard fight
ensued and we were compelled to retreat into a clear opening.
During the encounter Jens Sorensen of Ephraim and William Kearns
of Gunnison were killed. The following day their bodies were
taken to Salina by the company.
The officers now divided their men into three companies. Some
of the party remained in Salina as guards, some of them moved
north with Colonel Allred to secure more men among the settlements
and start over the mountains n the north end of the county. The
remainder were to go up Twelve Mile Canyon and over the mountainnder
the command of General W.S. Snow in pursuit of the Indians. Orange
Seely, Niels Peter Madsen, Alma Zabriskie and myself of Mt Pleasant,
being in General Snow's company with others, started up over
the mountains, driving the Indians and trying to secure the cattle.
We camped the first night at the head of Salina Canyoin. we then
went down the canyon into a large valley (now Emery County).
We did most of our traveling in the night in order to avoid the
attention of the Indians.
We crossed a large creek and journeyed over Buck Horn Flat
where we were joined by Colonel Allred and his company from the
north. We camped on the Price River that night and the following
day we moved on south and east to Green River. We were unable
to locate the Indians here but could see where they had driven
the cattle across the river. Our provisions at this time being
about gone, we started on our journey homeward. While returning
over the rugged mountains through ravines and hollows and through
deep canyons and washes, we saw no Indians. We were interrupted
now and again by some wild animals of the mountains. Our provisions
were all gone and we had been without food for two days when
in Rock Canyon on the east side of the mountains we were met
by a party from home who had brought provisions for us. There
was much rejoicing, and we then pitched camp and the following
morning returned home by way of Ephraim, having been about two
weeks on the expedition.
On May 25th - trouble started on the north end of the county
when the Indians began to raid the settlers. Jens Larsen, a sheepherder,
was killed four miles north of Fairview. The following day John
Given, and his wife and four children were murdered and their
bodies badly mutilated at Thistle Valley. Many of the cattle
from Mt. Pleasant and Fairview were stolen and driven away. The
next day a company of men drove to Thistle Valley and brought
back the bodies of the Given family.
On May 29th the Indians made an attack upon the settlers three
miles north of Fairview, killing David Hadock Jones, a member
of the Mormon Battalion In the evening a company made up at Mt.
Pleasant and Fairview visited the scene in search of Indians,
but they had made their escape to the mountains.
General W.S. Snow was put in command of the Sanpete district
on July 15th, and ordered against the Indians Three companies
were at once organized at Mt. Pleasant and officers appointed.
Company "A" with Fredrick Neilsonk, who resigned later,
and Lauritz Larsen succeeded him, Company "B" with
Jacob Christiansen, captain, and myself as 1st lieutenant. The
home guard called the "Silver Grays" consisted of the
older men with John Tidwell as captain. While these organizations
of militia were being effected throughout the county, Robert
Gillespie and Anthony Robinson were attacked and killed by Indians
in Sevier County. Gillespie being a resident of Mt Pleasant was
taken there for burial.
General Snow with Captain Ivie, Orange Seely, Peter Christofferson,
Aaron Bennett, George Frandsen, W.W. Brandon, Joseph Gledhill,
Jefferson Tidwell, William Stevenson and Neils Madsen from Mt.
Pleasant , and some from other settlements at once started and
on July 18th surprised a party of hostile Indians in Grass Valley.
Twelve were killed and the balance routed. The command then went
east to Green River Aaron Bennett swam the river, found Indian
tents and wickiups which had just been vacated by the fleeing
Indians. They suffered much this journey by long marches and
want of supplies. Wednesday, July 26th the Indians raided Glenwood,
Sevier County, wounding some of the settlers and killing a number
of horses and driving away nearly all the cattle.
A meeting was held at Manti on August 6th, consisting of the
bishops throughout the county and several of the authorities
of the militia. It was decided and agreed to have a standing
army and pay the men for their services. John Ivie was appointed
commander of the militia in the norther settlements of the county.
The system of paying the men was by assessment upon the settlers.
My portion was $75.00 per year. Some of the men could not outfit
themselves, and we were ordered to let them have such articles
as they could use, and we recived credit for it Besides the above
assessment, I furnished them a horse, bridle, and saddle. I kept
them on hand together with one Ballard rifle and one cap and
ball revolver. Others did likewise.
Thursday, September 21st, General Snow learned that the Indians
intended attacking Circleville settlement. He at once moved south
and when they reached the neighborhood of Fish Lake they found
that a band of Indians had concealed themselves. When the soldiers
were within a few feet of them, they were fired upon, and Snow
was wounded in the shoulder. They retreated into an openng and
a stand was made. A vigorous fight was kept- for several hours
and a stand was made. Two of the company were wounded and a number
of the Indians were wounded and killed.
A band of Indians made an attack on Ephriaim on October 17th,
led by the great Indian Chief Black Hawk. Many of the people
were out in the fields, others in the mountains.
The Indians rushed towards the mountains, taking with them
more than one hundred head of cattle and horses. Up in the canyon
they attacked and killed William Thorpe, Benjamin J Black, William
T. Hite and Soren N. Jesperson. When the body of Jesperson was
found it appeared that a vigorous fight for life had been made.
The Indians with Jesperson's own ax had cut off his legs and
badly mutilated his body. One of the legs was never found. None
of the Indians were killed. The Indians having made good their
many raids upon cattle, drove them into unsettled parts where
they were kept. This furnished them abundant supplies of meat
for the winter months.
1866
After a short lull of peace and quiet during the winter, new
difficulties arose. The militia at Nephi had captured the noted
Chiefs Sanpitch and Ankawakats, together with eight other Indians.
Orders were received by General Snow on March 10th, to send ten
armed guards to Nephi in order that the chiefs and Indians might
be brought here as prisoners The guards at once responded. The
prisoners were brought to Manti and held in custody under a strong
guard March 20th orders were received for ten men to go to an
Indian camp in Salt Creek Canyon near Nephi and they responded
at once. Four Indians were captured who had been with Chief Black
Hawk at Ephraim the year previous where many depredations were
committed by them They were taken and upon orders, shot.
April 18th the Indian Chief Sanpitch and the other Indians
broke jail at Manti. A posse was at once in close pursuit of
them, three being killed within the city limits. Chief Sanpitch
was overtaken and killed in the hills between Moroni and Fountain
Green where he was hiding...the remainder of the party started
in pursuit of the other fugitive Indians, who in the evening
were overtaken in the Nebo Mountains where the Indians were killed.
By order of Colonel Allred, twenty-five men were called at
Mt. Pleasant as minutemen under command of Captain Ivie. They
were called to act as picket guards for that place and were sent
out every day, scouting the hills and cedars in search of Indians.
April 28th the following letter was received from Colonel
Allred by Willaim Seely.
Spring City, April 27th, Midnight
Major Seely:
We have just received an express from the central station
that the Indians had attacked Alma on Sunday night. No particulars
of the attack. The men from Richfield and Glenwood pursued the
Indians and at the corner of Marysvale field were fired upon
by the Indians, killing Albert Lewis and wounding three others.
They then pursued the Indians up the canyon leading to Grass
Valley.
The Indians attacked the setlers at Circleville, taking twenty-five
head of cattle, two mules and two horses. The men were at once
in pursuit of them and followed them into the canyon but could
do nothing as the Indians had secured positions and it would
not be safe to attack them. We learned also that the Indians
had fired upon two of our men at Pear Creek above Circleville,
wounding one slightly in the neck. The other man shot one Indian
and wounded another.
Allred at Circleville took two bucks, six squaws and six papooses,
tying them hand and foot, and on the 22nd they broke the cords
that bound them and sprang upon the guards. The boys fired upon
them, killing all but the papooses. I think we shall have to
take the field and order fifty men to be on hand.
You will, therfore, have twenty men in readiness with fifteen
days rations to act at once, without delay, in case of a forward
movement. Captain Ivie will take charge of the men.
I have suggested to the general the impropriety of drawing
our men from here while we are menaced by the Indians from Spanish
Fork Canyon.
We shall make no draft in Fairview. We want them to be prepared
in case of attack. Please copy and forward to Major Sanderson
at Fairview.
Yours truly,
Colonel R. N. Allred
Major Allred learned from the Indians they had imprisoned
at Circleville that the Utes, Pedes, Pahvants and Navajo Indians
had all joined together, and had supplied themselves with ammunition
to assist Black Hawk.
During the month of May the Indians became very hostile and
it was deemed best to have all the settlers of Fairview move
to Mt. Pleasant for protection. Teams were sent there and every
family was brought down in one day and located within the fort,
and our homes were opened to receive them.
The Death of James R Ivie & The Black Hawk War in Millard
County
The following narrative relies heavily on Josiah F. Gibbs'
article, "Black Hawk's Last Raid" in the Utah Historical
Quarterly, October 1931. Gibbs was a member of the Fillmore contingent.
The raid on Round Valley was daring, and spectacularly successful
from the Indian point of view. They were able to make off with
between 300-500 head of horse and cattle, with no Indian casualties.
There were only two deaths among the whites; young Henry Wright,
and James R Ivie, the patriarch of the Ivie clan.. For the Ivies
this was both a traumatic, and momentous event in the family
history. . Not only was James R Ivie one of the two initial victims
of the raid, but the subsequent murder of the Indian Panacarri
by son James A Ivie would plague him and the family for many
years to come. And while Panacarri became the third fatality
of the raid, Chief Black Hawk himself received a wound that would
eventually contribute to his death. The one other noteworthy
fatality of the raid was Jim Ivie's "noble" stallion.
According to Gibbs account, "The rugged country in the
south part of Emery County, extending east to the Colorado River
was uninhabited, save by Black Hawk and his tribe. From that
Chinese puzzle of box canyons Black Hawk emerged into Sevier
and Sanpete counties by way of Salina Canyon, and ravaged the
settlements north and south of his exclusive line of retreat.
From the mouth of Salina Canyon it is 20 miles to the north-east
base of the Pahvant Range; thence northerly 13 miles over the
low divide to Round Valley then a hamlet of perhaps 20 families.
A pass leads southwesterly over the range to Holden, then a village
of a half dozen families, 14 miles from Round Valley; thence
south 10 miles to Fillmore with a population of probably 400.
The localities and distances are indicated because of the important
bearing on the desperate courage of Chief Black Hawk and his
band in his dash of close to 35 miles and return through an open
country, and, as Black Hawk well knew, in defiance of several
hundred Utah cavalrymen presumably alert to their every movement."
"By repeated forays the chief had driven the residents
of the smaller settlements of Sevier Valley from their homes
to Richfield, 20 miles southwesterly from Salina, whose inhabitants
had fled to Gunnison and to other sizeable towns in Sanpete Valley.
Such were conditions that by early June, 1866, there was not
a white family within 15 or 20 miles of the dimly marked Indian
trail from Salina Canyon to Round Valley. Sanpete herds had become
so depleted by previous raids that the red marauder had but three
alternatives-take chances on the Round Valley expedition, remain
in his stronghold and subsist on rapidly diminishing game, with
side diets of crickets and grasshopper, or bow his proud neck
to the rule of the white invaders--return to the settlements
and ask "forgiveness" of his enemies, and by the grace
of Uncle Sam beg for his living. In brief, that is the Indians'
side of the question."
"Expecting no danger from marauding red men, Round Valley's
few inhabitants were sleeping. Rudely awakened by distant war-cries,
they sprang to doors and windows and looked up the valley. Nearly
200 painted warriors were racing down the road directly towards
the village. When hardly within reach of the short-range rifles
of those days, the wildly riding, shrieking mob swept around
toward the east foothills, and in the dim light of the early
morning a part of the renegades paused to murder a fifteen-year-old
sheepherder [Henry Wright] who this early was driving his flock
to pasture, and continued their rush towards the sink of Lake
Creek, around which several hundred cattle and horses were grazing.
Among the latter were several Kentucky thoroughbred mares, and
a stallion famous for his speed A few marauders wheeled to the
west along the north side of the joint field, a mile or so from
the village...Again the assassins halted to commit murder."
James R. Ivie "...rose early and walked down to the pasture
lands a little north and west of the settlement, in what was
called the pond field. As he neared the spot where the cow was,
he heard an Indian War Hoop and the people in town also heard
it. They rushed out to look for Grandfather and found his body
already pierced with several arrows. He was stripped of his clothing,
all but his boots, as they were unable to get them off The Indians
made off with the cattle and horses owned by the families. Sarah
A McArthur stood on her milk cellar and watched while Indians
killed her father James Russell Ivie in the pond field.
Gibbs continues, "June 10, 1866, was an usually warm,
quiet Sabbath at Fillmore. At about 12 noon., leaning sharply
forward a rider, Alfred Blair, guided his mount to the residence
of Bishop-Colonel Thomas Callister, facing on the public square.
Halting a minute at Holden for change of horses, Alfred Blair's
nerve- wrecking race with time had occupied little more than
90 minutes... The (Scipio) villagers were aware of conditions
in Sanpete Valley--that the military might or might not be informed
of Black Hawk's movements; also that time was the supreme factor
in the problem of recovering their livestock. Yet the settlers,
apprehensive of an ambush, would not permit a messenger to depart
for Fillmore before about 10:30 a. m. after the raid."
"Within thirty minutes 40 or 50 young and middle-aged
men, mounted and afoot, reported to Captain James C. Owen on
the public square. Large bodied, big hearted Captain Owen was
more of a father than an officer to his men. Instructions were
brief and to the point: ..."Meet at Bartholomew's barn at
five o'clock."... Notwithstanding the feverish haste, it
was nearly five o'clock when the last band of horses arrived.
A score of willing and expert hands aided roping and subduing
the range horses whose experience in captivity had been from
a few days to perhaps weeks. The forenoon had been excessive
warm, and during the afternoon a downpour of rain also served
to delay the hurried preparations. The men were ascending the
dugway from the barn to the street when the storm burst in tempestuous
fury. The half-wild horses recoiled, reared at the disciplining
thrust of spurs, and backed down the grade. Again through the
storm-lashed night the command to form ranks and march was successfully
executed. Such was the beginning of the last, and only earnest,
attempt to intercept Black Hawk and retrieve his plunder.
With lessened violence the storm continued until the drenched
troopers reached the foot of the grade into Round Valley, where
a halt was made. To conserve time and horseflesh, Captain Owen
dispatched a couple of men to inform the villagers that his command
had arrived, and would wait at the lake, ten miles distant the
arrival of the Round Valley contingent. Turning sharply to the
right, the men followed the base of the range about eight miles,
and turned east toward the trail over which the cattle and horses
had been driven. The unusual downpour had filled to overflowing
the lake, utilized by the settlers for a reservoir. The dirt
dam had washed out, and the usually dry wash was running bank-full
of soil and water. It was a question of a detour of several miles
or swimming, the latter was adopted,------additional soaking
was of little consequence compared with the loss of time. It
was only an hour or two before daylight when the men reached
the lake, unsaddled and secured the nearly exhausted horses,
spread their blankets on the wet meadow.
It was scarcely daylight when the Round Valley contingent
arrived. A hurried breakfast on water-soaked bread and dried
beef, and an even more strenuous effort to overtake Black Hawk
was resumed. Dead cows and fighting steers were frequent, shot
by the Indians because of their stubbornness, and slashed with
knives as a hint to those who might be in pursuit.
From the Round Valley-Sevier divide there are two routes by
which the river may be reached. Black Hawk selected the less
obstructed and open bench trail. Because of its affording shelter
from observation, Captain Owen selected a deep V-shaped ravine
lined with cedar trees that extended well down toward the river,
and continued as a wash. "
The Battle of Gravelly Ford
A company of about 50 calverymen under the comand of Colonel
Byron Pace had overtaking the raiding band at the mouth of Salina
Canyon, and were being "entertained by a lone Indian, Black
Hawk. Mounted on James Ivie's splendid stallion, the intrepid
chief repeatedly circled the white men, firing his rifle each
time he neared and re-loading as he went.
"Thunderstruck at the insolence, Colonel Pace nevertheless
attempted to kill the chief and save the stallion. Failing this,
he ordered a volley to be fired at the horse, and the animal
fell. Black Hawk kept firing from behind the body of the dead
horse until a bullet found its mark in his upper abdomen. "Pressing
his hands to his abdomen, the chief made a hurried retreat, and
amid a shower of bullets reached safety among his companions,
who, after first aid, bore him to safety in the wilds of Emery
County."
"When Captain Owen of the Millard County militia who
had been watching this scene from a ridge, ordered his men to
reinforce Colonel Pace's men Racing forward they kicked up such
a cloud of dust, that Pace believed them to be Indian reinforcements.
When Owen halted, he found Pace's contingent in full and speedy
retreat toward Manti - the haphazard riders from Millard County
being mistaken for a reinforcement of Indians, charging directly
down upon the near-sighted residents of Utah County!' Slowly
the astonished captain led his men back over the river and the
deserted battlefield, to the spot where lay the battle's only
casualty, the fallen stallion, noble even in death."
Family historian Lloyd O Ivie is more favorably inclined than
Gibbs towards Col Pace's role in the battle of Gravelly Ford,
and places blame for the fiasco on the shoulders of Captain Owen.
"A rider eastward to Gunnison alerted a company of militia
just south of Manti, and by an all-night forced ride they arrived
at Gravelly Ford in time to pin the Indians and the livestock
down for several hours along the river bottom. In the meantime,
another rider going full speed alerted the Fillmore area and
the Millard boys pursued from behind the Indians in time to see
Captain Pace...Had Captain Owen of the Millard company known
how to send advance messenger scouts, blow a bugle signal, or
wave a wigwag flag so that Pace could have known that help was
near, the Indians would have failed in that raid, and Scipio's
livestock would have been rescued."
Members of Capt Owens calvary, James Ivy, Frank Ivy, Henry
McArthur, Richard Ivy, Shindy Ivy. Shindy was an Indian adopted
as a young boy by James R and Eliza Ivie.
Not mentioned was Joseph Ivie, the young orphan of Thomas
C Ivie, who gives this account of the pursuit of Black Hawk and
his men:
It was in 1866 when I became a member of the "Minute
Men". That famous "Rough-and Ready" troop of Indian
fighters who were always the first ones on the scene of an Indian
raid where it may.
“I was just thirteen years old at the time, and was very
proud of myself, because I deemed it a great honor to be a member
of the Minute Men. I was a member of this company for about two
years, during which time I was one of six who acted as scouts
for the main company.
I remember an incident that occurred not long after I became
a scout. The Indians raided the town of Scipio, Utah. My uncle,
James R. Ivie, among many others was killed in this raid. When
the Indians turned to flee, they took with them 240 horse, 6
mules, and about 800 head of cattle. The Minute Men were on the
trail immediately. When we first sighted the Indians driving
the stolen stock and beat a hasty retreat. Will Ivie and I remained
to hold the horse herd while the Company went in pursuit of the
Indians.
Darkness settled down and still the Company did not return.
Will Ivie, being no older than I, was just as excited over the
skirmishes with the Indians as was I. Consequently, when we observed
two dark objects appearing out of the darkness, our first thoughts
were, Indians! Will grabbed for his rifle and whanged into the
night. I yelled for him to quit shooting, because upon moving
forward the dark objects were more discernable. Behold! They
proved to be a yoke of gentle oxen belonging to a neighbor who
lived a short distance down the valley.
The shot brought the Minute Men Company on the run. Upon observing
the situation, the entire Company burst into uproarious gales
of laughter. There was an immense amount of friendly banter and
ridicule heaped upon the shoulders of my cousin and I, for mistaking
the brisket of a domestic bovine for an Indian War Bonnet. But
there was no laughter forthcoming from the Oxen's indignant owner
upon discovering that his best oxen had been wounded. Needless
to say, from then on we were more careful where we directed out
bullets."
Death of Panacara
While there continues to be speculation as to motive, and
disagreement over his justification for the deed, there is no
doubt that James A Ivie (son of James Russell Ivie) murdered
the Indian Chief Panacara in cold blood on June 15. It is interesting
that family historians are divided over whether Panacara was
a spy, or a friendly Indian just as the family and community
were divided then.
According to Peter Gottfredson, "...the old Indian Panacara,
had been shot to death by James Ivie. In order to justify himself,
Ivie charged that Panacara was a spy for the Ute Indians on the
south, which was not true, as Panacara was a special friend of
the white people in the vicinity and was hated by the Utes.
Panacara's death at the hands of Ivie was brought about in
this way: The Old Indian came to the town of Scipio, and as was
customary he carried a gun. This custom was objected to by the
military authorities and a rule was adopted that Indians should
not carry arms when visiting the settlements. Accordingly the
acting justice of the peace Benj. Johnson prevailed upon the
old Indian to give up his gun. The Indian willingly gave the
gun to the justice and started out to cross the hills in the
direction of Oak Creek, when Ivie followed him, and out on the
flat, about two miles from town, he overtook the Indian and without
warning shot him dead. He was buried where he was killed."
Responding to a question about the incident, family historian
Hettie Robins offers two versions. "You wanted
to know what I know about your grandfather James A Ivie and the
killing of an old Indian. There were two ways it is told that
I have heard and perhaps both are right. We know the story how
our great grandfather had gone to the pond field west of town
after his milk cow and new born calf and unarmed, and how the
Indians were ready to make a raid on the settlers stock, how
they killed grandfather, stripped off all his clothing they could
get off.
“The sons of great grandfather found him dead, your
grandfather was one of them and all were heart broken and filled
with sorrow and no doubt hatred towards the Indians for what
they had done. It seems that perhaps your grandfather had a little
more spunk or hot headedness, he spoke his feelings a little
more freely, said "I will kill the first Indian I see",
well the old Indian Panycari was leaving town. It seems Ben Johnson
was the peace officer and he advised him to leave town for not
only the Ivie family but all the people were so worked up over
the killing of father Ivie. It wasn't safe for the Indian to
stay. Ben Johnson took the Indians gun and he was on his way
out of town when your grandfather seen him and shoot him, when
he saw that he had killed the old friendly Indian he felt so
bad he said the way the old fellow looked at me as he laid dying
it will stay with me all my life, said, ‘If I could just
undo the thing by crawling across the the nation on my hands
and knees I would gladly do it.’ This was the way my grandparents
Benjamin & Martha Memmott Ivie told it.
Some of the family thought he did the right thing to teach
the Indians a lesson they thought the old friendly Indian was
sort of a spy who came to town to find out where the cattle were
it seemed like quite often when he came to town shortly after,
there would be a raid on their stock."
A nephew, James Oscar Ivie points out that the murder
of Panacari was not something that was taken lightly by Jim Ivie,
or by the Ivie family. " This incident in 1866 at Scipio
is perhaps the crucial one in his life... A certain friendly
Indian was blamed for spying on the community and making the
raid successful. Naturally, Uncle Jim's remorse in the loss of
his father turned into a desire to "get" the Indian
who caused the death. Sometime later, having been told that the
Indian had been in the neighborhood, he took his rifle, got on
a horse and went after him, overtaking and killing him several
miles north of Scipio."
Josiah F Gibbs raises the question of Jim Ivie's justification,
but offers no personal opinion. "An aftermath of the
raid should here be recorded. Parashonts (Panacara), an unusually
large and kindly old Pahvant Indian, who had overheard Plair's
account of the Round Valley invasion while changing mounts at
Holden, hurried to Round Valley. His visit would be that of condolence,
and to assure his white friends that the Pahvants were blameless.
As usual his reception by the larger part of the villagers was
friendly but some there were who, in the stern faces of the relatives
of the slain farmer, sensed danger to their Indian visitor and
advised him to leave by a roundabout way. Parashonts (Panacara)
had gone a distance of a half mile or so when a son of murdered
man overtook him--justifiable (?) revenge on the part of a white
man" 12
Family historians Stanford and Jordan report that,
"A few days earlier Jim Ivie had provided meals and a
bed for the Indian who it was reported to have planned this raid
with the Indiams in Salina canyon. In grief and anger Jim said
he would get that Indian, which he did. His father would not
have approved, nor did the church who had said firmly that "there
would be no retaliations". The family was divided, Jim never
bridged the isolation from this act.”
It is interesting that a daughter of Henry Mc Arthur, who
put his own life at risk by backing Jim Ivie's contention that
Panacara was a spy, herself believed “Panaccara was a
friendly Indian and for this act Jim was excommunicated from
the church. Also my father, because he thought Jim was justified
in killing the Indian Chief. Father was later forgiven by Brigham
Young and others and was baptized. Jim Ivie was given the same
opportunity but he refused.”
By all accounts, it was a rash act by a headstrong man. Jim
Ivie stood trial for the murder in Fillmore, a month later.
Trial of James A Ivie for Murder of Panacara
Some military correspondence pertaining to the death of Panacri,
including a synopsis of the Proceedings of the Probate Court
Millard Co. in the Case of the People vs James A Ivie
Indictment for Murder by shooting an Indian, July 12, 1866.
----------
Case of Murder, Fillmore City, Millard Co., Utah Territory
July 9th 1866
The People of the United States in the Territory of Utah
vs James A Ivie. In Probate Court of Said Co., Hon. T. R. King,
Presiding.
We the Grand Jurors of the aforesaid County, having been duly
empannelled, sworn and charged, to inquire into all crimes that
have been committed in the the aforesaid County do find and present,
that one James A Ivie, of Scipio did on or about the 15th of
June A.D. 1866 in the County aforesaid, commit the crime of murder
by shooting a certain Pauvan Indian by the name of Pannikary,
in or near the town of Scipio, which act is contrary to the Laws
and statutes in such cases made and provided.
Hiram Hall
Foreman
----------
Territory of Utah, Millard County
In the Probate Court of Said County, July 12th 1866, Hon.
Thomas R King, Presiding
Indictment Against James A Ivie for the Crime of Murder. Shooting
an Indian Named Pannikary
Counsel for Defense in behalf of his client Pleaded not guilty,
and wished the Court to issue an order for the appearance of
Lieutenant General Wells and Gen. Snow.
Court ruled that it had no power to call Military officers
from the field while in active service and therefore it declined
issuing a compulsory order for the appearance of the aforesaid
gentlemen.
Defense refused to proceed to trial without those gentlemen
unless the Prosecution would admit what they wished to prove
by them Viz. - That James A Ivie was acting under the Military
order of General Wells and Snow.
Court called for the proof, and ruled that it could not accept
of Defendant's plea of "not guilty" and at the same
time the plea that he was justified in killing the Indian on
account of Military orders, whereupon defendant withdrew his
plea of "Not guilty", and pleaded guilty to the killing,
and justification of the act on account of Military orders from
the aforesaid Generals.
Capt. McArthur commander of Round Valley Post was called and
sworn. He states that James A Ivie had killed the Indian Pannikary
under his orders.
Question by the Pros. Attorney. Did you have an order from
Col Callister the Commander of this District to kill said Indian?
Answer. No I had no order to kill him nor any to the contrary.
Have you received any exterminating order through your Col?
Ans. Col Callister ordered me to defend the place to the best
of my ability.
Court ruled that the indictment and other necessary papers
together with the prisoner be delivered over to Col Callister,
the commander of this Military district for his action thereupon
as the present court had no jurisdiction in the case.
Thos R King
Probate Judge
----------
July 15th 1866
Letter from Col T Callister, Fillmore. About J. A. Ivie with
2 Enclosures
Fillmore City, July 15th 1866
Hiram B Clauson Esq. Adjutant General of the Nauvoo Legion
Dear Brother:
Enclosed I send you the Indictment found and presented by
the Grand Jury of Millard County against James A Ivie, also a
transcript of the proceedings of the Probate Court in the case.
(above documents) You will see by the ruling of the court that
it considers it has no jurisdiction in the case, as the act of
killing was done under military orders. I therefore submit the
case for the action of the Lieutenant General.
I present also the name of Capt. Henry M McArthur of Round
Valley, as being guilty of a Capital Offense in ordering the
shooting of the Indian Pannikary, according to his own Statement
under oath before the Probate Court as you will see by the synopsis
of the proceedings.
Capt. Henry M McArthur commands the fourth division of this
Military District and I present him agreeably to the sixty fifth
section of an Act to provide for the further organization of
the Militia of the Territory of Utah approved February 15th,
1852.
For the particulars of the killing of the Indian Pannikary
and his peaceful disposition I refer you to a letter written
by me to George A Smith. The above matter is most respectfully
submitted for consideration.
I remain Yours Very Respectfully
Thos Callister
Colonel Commanding Pauvan Military District
P.S. Please let President Young have the perusal of these
papers on their arrival. I did not think I had anything to do
in this case of James A Ivie as he had committed an act against
the Military law of the Territory - I consider it a civil case
and the civil authority in full force, but I consider that Capt
McArthur has altogether exceeded his bounds acting without any
orders for his exterminating proceeding.
T. C.
One colorful family account suggests that McArthurs Minute
Men intimidated the jury. "At his trial in Fillmore, Utah,
he (Jim Ivie) was found guilty and was sentenced to be turned
over to the still warring Indians for torture and death. The
McArthur Minute Men were assembled at once by the people of Scipio
and they did some hard driving up and down the streets of Fillmore,
talking loud. At an afternoon session of the same court the same
day, a new hearing was held. Jim Ivie was found to be justified
in the shooting and was parolled to McArthur's Company."
Is any of this this true? There is a tendency to dramatize
with such fantasies as turning Ivie over to the still warring
Indians, and there are glaring mistakes over detail and a bit
of mixing and mismatching of events and chronology in this account,
but there is also an obvious familiarity with core family legends.
The assertion that the McArthur Minute Men did their best to
intimidate the Fillmore citizenry has to be looked at, but rather
critically.
If such bullying had taken place, it was not reported by Bishop/Col
Callister in his letter to Adj Gen. Clausen. He reveals a sense
of dismay at the verdict, and anger towards McArthur, but gives
no hint that any intimidation of the jury had taken place. He
goes so far as to suggest that McArthur as well as Ivie be tried
on a capital offense for the death of Panacara, but the whole
nature of the defense obviously rankled Callister as insubordination
on the part of Mcarthur, and it is Callister's assessment that
Panacra was a friendly Indian that is being challenged
In his account of the raid, Josiah Gibbs expressed a lack
of confidence over the handling of military affairs by higher
ups in Fillmore. This and the fact that Callister was so dismayed
over the verdict suggests that he may not have been altogether
in touch with public sentiment at that moment. Perhaps he was
aware of this: it would explain his desire to maintain a low
profile and a non military resolution to the trial of Jim Ivie,
and might also explain a reluctance to report on "hard driving,
and loud talking" by McArthurs men for fear of appearing
vengeful and vindictive towards the man he had just recommended
be tried for a capital offense. It seems logical to suspect that
Bishop Callister may have encouraged church involvement in the
case.
James A Ivie was excommunicated c1868 for the murder of Panacara,
as was McArthur, but McArthur was re-baptized on 24 December
1868, suggesting that he and the church were able to patch up
their differences rather quickly. Lloyd O Ivie argues that since
the excommunication took place without either a civilian or military
conviction, it was invalid on ecclesiastical grounds, and may
have grown out of ill will on the part of some of the local church
authorities. Hettie Robins, concedes this possibility. "In
those early days, I really think some of the leaders in our little
town passed judgment too soon on one another, and perhaps it
was in this case."
James Oscar Ivie relates that "... Shortly after the
killing of the spy Indian one of the authorities (I think it
was Erastus Snow, though I have not verified this point from
any record) came through and peremptorily excommunicated Uncle
Jim from the church. Father (John L Ivie) has related to me,
and I took special care to make record after questioning him
carefully on a number of occasions before his death last year,
that upon the arrival and report by the apostle to President
Brigham Young, the latter jumped up emphatically from his seat
and almost shouted, "You go right back to Scipio and reinstate
him!" The apostle, in obedience to the command, (perhaps
more in obedience to the command than in the spirit of humble
reconciliation) went back and called at Uncle Jim's home. He
was waiting in the home when Uncle Jim came in, the latter having
been out of town or out in the field. After the formal greeting
he said, "Well Jim, I have come to fix things up; if I have
placed any straws in your path I have come to remove them."
It was more than Uncle Jim could stand, to have the matter of
an excommunication referred to as a "straw". After
all the trials and persecutions the family had been through it
was more than he, with his proud spirit, could take. He jumped
up from his chair almost before he was fully seated in it and
exclaimed, "If there are any straws in my path I will remove
them myself!" and walked from the room. This ended the interview."
Family historian, Lloyd O Ivie, argues that the difference
of opinion as to whether Panacara was a spy may have arisen over
a differing view point between members of the Ive family and
other settlers in Millard county.
Simple geography made Millard county largely immune from the
Indian troubles raging to the east in Sevier and Sanpete counties.
Scipio was, as it proved, the exception. The Ivies had close
family ties to Sanpete county, the Allred inlaws and John L Ivie
were actively engaged against the Indians at this time, so the
Ivie family was perhaps more apprehensive of the Indians than
their neighbors, especially those in Fillmore, which had a sizable
population, and was remote from the fighting.. Also, the large
population of European emigrants tended to be more trustful of
the Indians than were members of the Ivie family. "They
came directly from old and well established societies in which
personal safety under law and order were taken for granted. They
were mostly strong in faith, and weak in a knowledge of the Indian
way. "
It is suggested that James A Ivie, with his extensive experience
as an Indian fighter, took a more suspicious attitude towards
Panacara than did other Millard county residents. Lloyd O Ivie
continues, "The Ivie family (based) their judgment on the
fact that the so-called friendly Indian was, during a time of
war, shuttling back and forth between settlements and their marauding
enemies. In their reasoning, if such an Indian were friendly
to the whites, the marauders themselves would have tortured and
killed him. If, when they questioned him for information, he
had appeared reluctant they would have forced him to talk."
James Oscar Ivie was a son of John L Ivie, and nephew and
lifelong supporter of James A Ivie. His son Lloyd O Ivie was
instrumental in getting Jim Ivie reinstated into the Mormon church
in the mid 1960's.
Black Hawk War in Sanpete County Part II
Preparations were made for the reinforcing of military power.
Captain P. W. Conover with fifty men from Utah county reported
to General Snow for orders and later Colonel Heber P Kimball
reached Manti, having a company of fifty men from Salt Lake County.
Colonel E. E. Page took command of the forces under Captain Conover
and with such an additional force the citizens felt secure and
proceeded with their daily duties in comparative safety.
Andrew Madsen reports, “One of Captain Kimball's companies
was stationed in Thistle Valley under the command of Captain
Dewey...The Indians immediately surrounded Captain Dewey's company
but by providence of God, one man escaped and brought news to
Fairview and Mt. Pleasant. Orange Seely, George Tucker, Martin
Allred, Aaron Oman, R. N. Bennett, Neils Madsen, Peter Fredericksen
and others of Mt. Pleasant and Fairview, which Captain Ivie
immediately gathered together, started for Dewey's camp with
great speed. They set out for Thistle Valley, where they arrived
just in time to save the entire company from being killed. Orange
Seely captured a horse with a blanket which was taken from the
Indians as they were routed. Some were killed and many wounded
as they fled to the mountains.
Another account relates, "The third trip was to Thistle
Valley where Kimball's command was stationed. There was the clover
of Salt Lake's young men, and a lot of the finest horses that
the country possessed. In the middle of the day, a band of Indians
came rushing down from the cedars, stampeded the horses and shot
two men and only a couple of the guard's horses were left, on
which, with great difficulty they got an express to Mount Pleasant
and from there to Twelve Mile Creek where D. H. Wells was camped.
John Ivie with a company of men hurried to Thistle Valley from
Mt. Pleasant and just in time to save the camp, as when they
arrived the camp was surrounded. Five of us from Ephraim went,
but we did not reach the camp before midnight. The Indians had
then left with the horses, but the Salt Lake boys felt mighty
thankful to the Sanpete "wooden shoes" as they called
us. Before midnight, we were again in the saddle, rode all the
nest day, but the Indians were gone. The next night we went home.
When I got off my horse I was so stiff I almost had to crawl
home.”
Andrew Madsen account continues: “July 10th Captain Bigler
and sixty men from Davis County reached Manti and relieved the
troops from Salt Lake County. The new men soon had an opportunity
for a conflict, for on the 27th the Indians made a night raid
on the stock of Ephraim and Manti, driving away about one hundred
and fifty head. General Snow and Captain Bigler with their commands
pursued the thieves into Castle Valley but did not succeed in
recovering the cattle, nor were they able to capture any of the
Indians. This successful raid gave the red man enough beef for
the winter and few people were troubled any more until the following
spring.”
1867
“This year the Indian difficulties became more serious.
The Black Hawk Indian warriors started out with new vigor, and
destruction became more serious than ever before. The Indians
came in from the south and east in great numbers with the determination
of mutilating and massacring all the white settlers.
“Nearly all the settlements on the upper Sevier and those
in Kane County were deserted and their inhabitants were moved
to the older and stronger towns for safety.
“April 1st Bringham Young counseled the settlers of Sevier
county to abandon their homes and move north for safety. Teams
were sent from Sanpete and a company of minutemen assisted in
removing all the inhabitants of Richfield and Glenwood to Sanpete.
The removal occurred about May 1st and the homes and farms of
that section were deserted. At this time General Wells released
General Snow from his command and placed General W. B. Page in
charge of the entire military district of Sanpete, then comprising
all of southeastern Utah. He inaugurated a new policy and place
all the stock of the several settlements under strong guard by
day and night.
“On June 1st, Lewis Lund was killed and Jasper Robinson
wounded while herding stock near Fountain Green and about forty
horses were taken from them and driven away. The next day Major
J. W. Vance and Heber Houtz were killed by Indians at Twelve
Mile Creek and Captain Miles and Private Tanner narrowly escaped.
After defeating the troops and disbursing the small guard then
stationed on the herd grounds, the Indians made their escape,
taking about fifty head of cattle belonging to the people of
Gunnison.
“August 13th another raid was made on Spring City. James
Meeks and Andrew Johanson were killed and William Blain was wounded
while hauling hay from the meadows. The Indians attacked the
cattle herd and started for the mountains, but were so hotly
pursued by the herders and guards that they left most of their
cattle and the red men were glad to get away with only a few.
“On September 14th John Hay of Gunnison was killed by
a band of Indians who found him alone burning lime. Four days
after this murder, the stock owned by the citizens of Beaver
was driven away by a band of Black Hawk warriors and the redskins
decided to remain in their haunts until spring. They had been
pursued vigorously and driven over mountain and valley. Our cattle
were herded and guarded so closely that the Indians were compelled
to make their retreats to unsettled parts. The settlers determined
to have peace or the extermination of every Indian throughout
the land. The militia had been authorized to kill every Indian
buck who came on their trail and to spare only squaws and papooses.”
1868
The Indians did not make many attacks upon the settlers this
year having been so completely routed and driven out of the country
the previous fall.
By the end of 1869 Black Hawk was anxious to make peace with
the settlers, and proposed to make a tour of the settlements,
but feared that his life was in danger from Jim Ivie. In late
December, Black Hawk sent a telegram to Bringham Young expressing
those fears, and although it was not stated explicitly, it is
reasonable to assume the telegram was meant to solicit Young's
aid in suppressing Ivie. It is not know at this time, what if
any action Young may have taken in response to it.
Deseret Telegraph Company
Fillmore Dec 28, 1869, 4pm
to Prest. Young, Salt Lake
Black Hawk is in office he has received reliable word that
Jim Ivie has threatened his life - He says he made peace with
you which he wants to preserve and solicits a message from you
so that he can carry it with him certifying that he made peace
agreeable to your approval and if he is killed he may have the
certificate on his person - He is not for war unless it is forced
upon him and wishes to report again that he wants a lasting peace-
Operator for Black Hawk.
Record of the Scipio Branch,
Thomas Phillips, Clerk.
The incident at the dance - January 23rd, 1869
The Teachers met in counsel at Brother Nels Thueson. President
Thompson presiding, opened with prayer by Elder Thompson. The
minutes of the last counsel read and accepted. Elder Thompson
Asked if there was anything to be brought before the meeting.
Elder Monroe said he would state the course of some of the people
at a Social Dance of the Danish and Swedish Brethren, he said
Richard Ivie was determined to come into the Dance contrary to
all regulation and Order, and A very wicked spirit prevailed.
Thomas F. Robins leagued with him. The Door of the house was
Painted with human Dung. The Sisters Clothes were lifted as they
left the house. Cayenne Pepper was Scattered over the hot stove
and onto the Floor, and was a most disgraceful Affair. Elder
Wm Memmott said he was asked by Brother Jorgenson and Thueson
to manage the Floor, and the Dance, he said he would have the
Tickets ready in a short time. "None was to be Admitted
but those who had Tickets, so that the House should not be uncomfortably
crowded." Elders Memmott and Thueson Corroborates the Statesments
of Bro. Monroe also Brother Jorgenson corroborates their Statements.
Elders Monroe and Memmott were challenged to fights, and they
thought it was a perfect disgrace in Isreal. Elder Thueson said
we would be under condemnation before God, if we fellowshiped
such disgraceful beings. Bro. Thomas Phillips arose and said
he did not believe in the Priesthood being insulted, but he believed
the foundation had been laid in a great measure through the conduct
of some of the Teachers in time past, with some of these same
men (emphasis added), but such conduct must be frowned down,
or it will group and prevail. The men must be visited and talked
to in a wise and Fatherly manner, so that we may save if possible.
Bro Thueson said they threatened to bring Bro. Thompson on the
Teachers when he come home which very much hurt his feelings
"Elders Wilson and Williams said such wicked conduct must
be stoped", such characters should not be fellowshiped.
Bro Thompson arose and said he felt if we could not have our
Dances for enjoyment they should not be had at all, but the men
should be visited and laboured with - and if they will not make
suitable, restitution, make out a charge against them "and
have the case tried." Altho he said it was quite a nice
point in cutting off from the Church. The Wheat and Tares must
grow till the Harvest. He had not, he said been Notified of the
(?) -ration, yet. Altho he said the wicked cut themselves off.
The decision was to lay over till tomorrow.
Dismissed by Elder Joseph Wilson.
Thomas Phillips, Clerk.
"The Ivie's had previously sworn vengeance, because of
the death of James R Ivie, a few years before. It was
feared that Black Hawk, on a peace mission, would be harshly
treated by the Ivie family on " the trip through the valley,
unless provisions were made in advance for his protection from
assault from that source." On February 5 - Chief Black Hawk
held a meeting of peace in Scipio, at the home of William Franklin
Ivie, his wife Emily gave them food, and treated them well, and
the family was not molested.
February 6th 1869.
The Teachers met in counsel at Schoolhouse, Prest. Thompson
presiding. Opened with prayer by Elder George Monroe. The minutes
of the last counsel read and accepted. Prest. Thompson said in
relation to the men that acted so disgraceful at the Dance, as
was testified of in our last meetings. Hirum Ivie confessed to
me that he put the Pepper on the Floor, but said he was very
sorry for it, he knew it was mean and if he could be forgiven
he never would do the it again. Here Bro. Thompson said he wished
the Teachers to visit amongst the people, he said he was in with
those who would love and serve God and we must be careful we
do our duty. Bro. Monroe said Heber Ivie had confessed his faults
he said he with Bro Jorgenson had visited the Saints in their
district and found them in a good Spirit. Elder Thueson said
the Saints in his district felt well generally and was now willing
to do right and help build up the Kingdom of God. he said, he
was willing to forgive all that desired it in humility. Elder
Memmott, said he looked upon us being culpable for allowing such
a mixing with gentiles, gambling. Swearing and also allowed in
our Dances, there is to much good Lord, and good Devil, with
many. He said it was useless to forgive unless the repentance
was genuine, one thing certain such wickedness must be stoped.
Elder Phillips said he was sorry to see the people trading with
the Gentiles, regardless of counsel, every opportunity possible,
and so willing to be led by the enemy into wickedness instead
of the way of the Lord. Said he would visit the Saints and talk
to them on the importance of serving God. Brother Monroe said
he was sorry he allowed the gentiles into the Dance, and he thought
that Bro and Sister Gollop should be visited and talked to on
the matter of keeping Gentitles in their house. Elder J. Wilson,
said he thought Bro and Sister Gollop should be visited and the
matter of the Gentiles Gambling at their house as a haunt for
our Youth and said he was not in favor of the Gentiles dancing
with the Sister at all, said he with Bro Monroe would visit the
Saints in their district as soon as possible. Bro Jorgenson said
his feelings were but little different to what they were at last
meeting, some of the brethern come into the house and discused
the Matter of the propriety of trading with "Jew, or Gentile"
so long as they can get it a little cheaper, which is a disgrace
to a Latter-day Saint, he said we should not favor any thing
of a wicked character, we must magnify our Callings, he was willing
to forgive the penitents, Bro Thompson said it had been taught
to the people in relation to their not trading with the Gentiles
by the Bishop and the Elders, if the Saints will not comply,
bring thier case before a Teachers meeting, "our course
must be to do good". Swearing, Gambling or any wicked conduct
is not Neither will it be tolerated, we must set a good example
for all that will to follow in our steps. Moved we meet next
Saturday.
Dismissed by Prest. Dan'1 Thompson
Thomas Phillips, Clerk
February 13th 1869
The Teachers met in counsel at Bro Thompson. Prest. Thompson
presiding. Opened with prayer by Elder N. Thueson. The minutes
of the last counsel read and accepted. Bro. Daniel Thompson said
he wished a Sunday School Started for the Education of the rising
generation, especially in the gospel of Jesus Christ. Bro Thompson
accepted the Superintendency of the School. Bro Phillips said
he had with Bro Quarenburg visited Heber Ivie and Joseph Stone
in relation to their throwing the Pepper over the floor at the
Dance. And they humbly confessed their fault and said they were
sorry and would not do the like again. And wished Bro Phillips
to confess to the people their Sorrow and penitence for what
they had done amiss. Bro Phillips and Wilson visited Richard
Ivie in relation to his conduct at the Dance as before mentioned,
he said he had nothing to do with it, Altho he did not like being
turned out of the Dance. Elders Wilson and Memmott visited Bro
Thos. F. Robins, they said he manifested good Spirit and said
he had nothing to do with it Elders Wilson and Monroe, said they
visited Bro and Sister Gollop, they manifested a good Spirit,
and said they did not wish to allow anything wrong in their house.
Bro Jorgenson said he would like the young men to confess who
was the ringleader in the wicked conduct at the Dance. Elder
Thueson said he thought the young men should come and make their
confession. he said it should be probed to the bottom, so that
we may know who led out in the Affair. President Thompson said
he did not wish to be rigid, and as the Boys confessed their
fault, and wished him to confess to the people for them at our
public meeting he said that that would do pretty well. But we
must have good Order. However he wished Brother Phillip to ask
them who gave them the Pepper and ask them to attend meeting
when the confession is made. resolved we make a cane field this
season. Car'd Uny.
Dismissed by Jorgen Jorgenson
Thomas Phillips, Clerk.
----------
From the Journal of Thomas Memmott
1874 May 12 - Thomas Memmott reports the beginning
of trouble over water rights between James A. Ivie and the town
of Scipio. "I was employed to prosecuted James A. Ivie who
was systematically taking water out of the creek (stealing it).
Ivie wilted & settled the matter. "
1878 May - Scipio. Thomas Memmott records the continuing
dispute with James A Ivie over water rights. "In the winter
the Irrigation Company commenced a law suit against J. A. Ivie
to obtain an injunction restraining him from using water on his
ranch above the resevoir. I with several others were in Prove
for three weeks in May attending court on the matter. The case
was put off until October.”
June - “James A. Ivie & others tampering with
our water above the resevoir. I was instructed by the people
to get up a Memorial to Congress to get control of the land upon
which resevoir & fountain of water come.”
June 20 - “Received a letter from Prest. Geo.
Q Cannon (the delegate to Congress) concerning the matter, telling
me it is to late for the present session, but promising his aid
in the future."
October & November - James A Ivie is in Court in
Provo, over the lawsuit with Thomas Memmott, and the Scipio Irrigation
Company. "I & eight others were in Provo six weeks as
witnesses over the lawsuit between the Irrigation Company &
James A. Ivie. The case assumed a Mormon V a Gentile phase &
went against us; was appealed to the Supreme Court & again
went against us, & we finally compromised, Ivie getting 100
acres of water. No chance for a Mormon against an apostate &
Gentile outfit. Of course Geo. Monroe (an apostate) was our President,
but we were considered as a Mormon crowd, they the other side."
1883 April 3 - Scipio. Thomas Memmott reports that
he "Went to Salt Lake City in company with John Cooper.
In the evening Sarah West was married to me in the endowment
house by Prest. Joseph F. Smith. I thus entering into the order
of Plural Marriage." Sarah West was the maiden name of James
A Ivie's second wife. Whether this is the same Sarah West is
not known at this time. It is an intriguing mystery in the feud
between these two men.
April 15 - Scipio. Thomas Memmott, son of Thomas Memmott
marries Martha Ann Ivie, the daughter of B. Martin Ivie. Apparently
the feud with James A Ivie did not extend to the entire
Ivie family.
1884 May 16 - Scipio. Thomas Memmott records in his Journal,
"Received a notice from George Monroe the Register (of Voters?),
at the instigation of James A. Ivie calling upon me to show cause
why my name should not be stricken from the Registry list. I
did not appear & was stricken off" Perhaps a small revenge
for Memmott's marrying Ivie's wife? This was probably the voter
Registry list. Memmott's polygamous marriage to Sarah West would
have disqualified him to vote under various of the anti-polygamy
acts passed by congress
James A Ivie signed an affidavit in 1885, that he had
not been a polygamist since 1 January 1875
1889 March 10 - Scipio. "George Porter, Ole Madsen,
Caroline M?, J. P. Peterson, James Wm Ivie, and J. B. Johnson
were cut off at their own request for apostasy. It having been
discovered that a mistake had occurred in J. B. Johnson his cut
off, he was restored." James Wm Ivie was a son of James
A Ivie and Elizabeth Porter.
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